• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Apparatus for sawing a material, comprising at least one circular saw blade consisting of: - a blade body (1) in the form of a disc; a plurality of teeth (2) inserted in the periphery of the blade body (1) so as to be distributed around the circumference of the disk, each tooth (2) generating a chip from the machined material; a cutout (6) for the chip clearance being provided in the periphery of the blade body (1) at each tooth (2) and incorporating a seat to which the tooth (2) is welded. This device is characterized in that said cutout (6) defines a chip clearance volume (VDGC) which is smaller than the apparent volume of the chip (V) generated by a tooth (2).
    公开号:FR3025126A1
    申请号:FR1458132
    申请日:2014-08-29
    公开日:2016-03-04
    发明作者:Dominique Fendeleur；William Weiss
    申请人:Ledermann GmbH and Co KG；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for sawing a material of the type wood, metals, plastic, etc. This sawing device comprises at least one circular saw blade. This blade has the particularity of being very quiet compared to conventional blades used in circular saws. Whether it is stationary machine (table saw or miter saw) or portable machine, a traditional blade emits a deafening noise from the moment it is rotated, whether at rest, empty or during cutting. This noise, of the order of 90 to 100dB, is relatively troublesome for the person who works with the machine, as well as for people located near the machine. In the face of the emergence of new regulations, noise reduction becomes a priority for tool manufacturers. The noise is mainly caused by the air circulating in the cavities located upstream of each tooth at the toothed periphery of the blade. The air rushing between the teeth while the blade is rotating causes an unpleasant whistle. Under even more unfavorable conditions, the body of the blade can also resonate and become a source of noise. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION To reduce this noise from the blade, it is known to make grooves in the blade; we talk about laser ornaments. These grooves are distributed over the entire blade body and are located at specific locations to locally reduce the amplitude of the vibrations of the blade. They can be filled with a viscoelastic material acting as a shock absorber. Their role is to limit the vibration when the blade is moving, and the noise is therefore slightly reduced.
    [0002] Another solution, often combined with the first solution, is to remove the cavities located upstream of each tooth, so that the edge of the blade is as linear as possible between the teeth. This solution is very effective, and can drastically reduce the noise, so as to reach a sound level below 75 dB. The disadvantage is that the chips formed during sawing have no space to be evacuated around the teeth, which leads to a risk of blockage of the machine with abnormal heating, and detachment of teeth . To overcome these disadvantages, the operator is obliged to reduce the speed of advance of the blade so as not to generate too large chips. As a result, some cuts can no longer be made. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to design a circular saw blade whose noise emitted is minimal, ie less than 70 dB, and which can operate in a machine at full speed, with optimum chip evacuation . This blade is intended to improve the comfort of use of the machine. The sawing device of a material according to the invention comprises, in a conventional manner: a blade body having the shape of a disk; a plurality of teeth inserted in the periphery of the blade body so as to be distributed around the circumference of the disk, each tooth generating a chip from the machined material.
    [0003] A blank for chip clearance is provided in the periphery of the blade body at each tooth, incorporating a seat to which the tooth is attached, brazed. This device is primarily characterized in that said cutout defines a chip clearance volume which is smaller than the apparent volume of the chip generated by a tooth.
    [0004] While the latest technological advances mentioned above have called for the removal of the cut-out for chip clearance to reduce noise, the present invention takes the opposite of it and imposes a cut-out for chip clearance, but with a geometry of 5 mm. very specific compared to conventional blades. Heretofore, in a conventional blade, it has been considered that the cut must define a chip clearance volume that is greater than the apparent volume of the chip generated by a tooth. This theory of providing sufficient space for the chip, especially when the latter becomes comma-shaped then corkscrew-shaped and becomes bulky, has never been questioned. The main idea of this invention is to go against this technical prejudice, by reversing the situation. Indeed, it turns out that the chip, as and when it is created, can be perfectly evacuated by a space less than its apparent volume, without creating a blockage in the machine. In practice, the chip clearance volume is equal to the chip clearance area delimited by the cut, multiplied by the cutting width of the blade. The distance between the two ends of the blank, that is to say the opening of the blank, must be sufficient for a brazing machine to reach this zone and fix the tooth on the seat. The cutting width of the blade corresponds to the width of the tooth. The apparent volume of the chip is equal to the actual chip volume generated by a tooth multiplied by an expansion factor R which depends on the machined material. Concretely, the apparent volume of the chip corresponds to the outer envelope of the twisted chip, thus including hollow areas, while the volume of the chip corresponds precisely to the volume of the material composing the chip. The expansion coefficient in fact makes it possible to go from the volume Vs of the chip to the apparent volume V of the chip, V being equal to Vs multiplied by the expansion coefficient: V = Vs x R.
    [0005] In the prior art, this expansion coefficient R has always been considered to be of the order of 3 to 7, depending on the machined material. This is a historical parameter whose relevance has never been questioned in the case of circular saws. The present invention takes the opposite side of this historical technical prejudice by arguing that it is in fact between 2 and 4. One of the advantages of this invention is that it is now possible to make a blade that performs well. whatever the number Z of teeth. Heretofore, the geometry of the cutting for chip clearance was dictated by the number of teeth, and thus by the distance between two adjacent teeth. The blade according to the invention does not take into account the number Z of teeth, because the geometry of the blank for the chip clearance is based on the apparent volume V of the chips, taking into account the new estimate of the expansion coefficient R.
    [0006] More specifically, in the design of a circular saw blade, the determination of the cuts begins, as we have seen, by a calculation making it possible to reach the apparent volume V of the chips, which calculation requires the starting parameters of the table. below. Input parameter Symbol Size Blade: Outer diameter D mm Blade: Cutting width ab mm Machine: Rpm N RPM Machine: Feed speed vf m / min Machine: Cutting height ae mm Machine: blade extension / material u mm Chip: coefficient of expansion R - 20 To obtain the values of the quantities making it possible to calculate the real volume of a chip, namely typically the length, the width and the average thickness, preliminary calculations are necessary, of which the Calculating the speed of tooth advance (fz), which corresponds to the linear distance traveled by a tooth during a rotation: f Zv * N Then the calculation of the angle of engagement (De), which corresponds at the angle formed by the teeth which are engaged in the material to be cut: (1), = arccos (D - 2 * ae - 2 * u) arccos D - 2 * - DD) We can then calculate the average thickness of the chip (hm) formed by a tooth and which has a real form of comma: 10 hm = rz, - * (1174 + - 1u + ae) Then the calculation of the average chip length (lb) formed by a tooth and which depends on the number of teeth in engagement: lb -z * D * (I), 360 15 And finally the calculation of the volume of the chip (Vs) generated by a tooth: Vs = hm * lb * ab The apparent volume of the chip (V) generated by a tooth is finally, as already indicated: V = Vs * RA from there , it is possible to define the geometry of the chip clearance cut-off, starting from the main feature which underpins the invention, namely that the volume of the chip clearance (VDGc) must be smaller than the apparent volume of the chip ( V): VDGC s V Now, the volume of the chip clearance (VDGC) is obtained by multiplying the chip clearance area (SDGc) by the cutting width (ab): VDGC = SDGC * ah 3025126 6 It is therefore sufficient choose a chip clearance area (GCWD) that is less than the apparent volume of the chip (V) divided by the cutting width (ab): V SDGC ab 5 This chip clearance surface is greatly reduced compared to the prior art. The shape of the chip clearance cutout is in practice chosen to provide sufficient space in front of the seat to easily fix the tooth and sharpen it if necessary, while allowing, in use, to guide the generated chips. This shape of the chip clearance cut therefore adapts according to the size of the tooth and the selected cutting angles. According to the invention, the cutout is delimited on both sides by two portions of straight line parallel and interconnected by a rounded portion and a first linear portion of the seat, one of the right portions 15 forming a second linear part of the seat, the two parts of the seat being perpendicular to one another. In a possible configuration, the periphery of the blade between two adjacent cuts consists of a rounded sector concentric with the circle initially defined by the disc of the blade body and approaching its periphery. In this case, the profile of the blade body is optimized so that the removal of material relative to the initial disk is minimal. The fact that the edge of the blade is close to the perfect circle allows to reduce the noise considerably, since there is almost no hollow space where the air can rush.
    [0007] However, in this configuration, a small hollow space has still been added near each tooth. More specifically, a recess is formed in said rounded back of the blade downstream of each tooth and juxtaposed to the corresponding seat. The purpose of this recess is to prevent overheating of the blade in the cutting zone, which could damage the blade.
    [0008] According to another possible configuration, the periphery of the blade between two adjacent cuts consists of a rectilinear sector. The profile of the blade body is however optimized so that the removal of material from the initial disk is minimal. The noise reduction is lower than in the previous configuration but the repair of the tool is facilitated. Advantageously, in the context of the so-called extensible systems, in order to increase the cutting width, the sawing device according to the invention may comprise two identical blades 10 positioned side by side according to their central axis of rotation, each blade being provided with a plurality of notches each made in its periphery between two adjacent cuts, said blades being offset by an angular pitch so that each tooth of a blade is found in screws to a notch of the other blade. This means that between two adjacent teeth of a first blade there is both a notch through which a tooth of the second blade appears, and a chip release cutout. In the prior art, the opening of the chip release cutout was so wide that the tooth of the second blade appeared, without the need to add a notch. However, this large cut generated significant noise. Replacing this large cut with a small cutout plus a notch allows a significant reduction in sound during operation of the sawing device. The scope of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description hereinafter. The following detailed description and examples, indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are provided for purposes of illustration only, with changes and modifications in the spirit and scope of the invention likely to become apparent. apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.
    [0009] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic view of a saw blade cutting a board of wood; Figure 2 shows a chip generated by a tooth; Figure 3a is a front view of a tooth of a sawing device having a single blade; Figure 3b is a front view of two teeth of an expandable two-blade system; Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the perimeter of a saw blade according to the prior art; FIG. 5 shows a portion of the periphery of a saw blade according to a first possible configuration of the invention comprising a linear peripheral sector between two cuts; Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a saw blade according to a second possible configuration of the invention with sectors separating two rounded cutouts; Figures 8 and 9 show a saw blade used in an expandable system; Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing the extensible system composed of two blades according to Figs. 8 and 9; Figures 11 and 12 show a general and enlarged front view of the extensible system of Figure 10.
    [0010] DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS TAKEN IN EXAMPLE Referring to FIG. 1, a saw blade is shown cutting a board of wood. The blade comprises a blade body (1) and a plurality of teeth (2). Various parameters are annotated on the blade and the board, in particular: ## EQU1 ## D: the diameter of the blade N: the speed of rotation of the blade vf: the speed of advance of the blade ae: the cutting height of the blade blade, corresponding here to the thickness of the board u: the protrusion of the blade relative to the board fz: the speed of advance to the tooth From: the angle in engagement 10 When cutting the board, chips are obviously generated. These chips have a comma appearance at first, as illustrated in Figure 2, before twisting to form a helical chip. The volume of the comma-shaped chip is its length (lb) multiplied by its width (ab) multiplied by its thickness (hm). The speed of tooth advance (fz) is also shown in order to be able to imagine the volume that the chip would have if it were represented by a parallelepiped instead of a comma. The width (ab) of the chip corresponds to the cutting width (ab) of the sawing device. If the device comprises only one blade, then the cutting width (ab) will be equal to the width of the tooth (2), as illustrated in FIG. 3a, whereas if the device comprises two blades in parallel, the cutting width (ab) will be equal to the width of the two blades measured at the teeth (2) as shown in Figure 3b. These figures show a particular example of teeth which is of course not limiting. In general, a blade has a plurality of teeth (2) inserted in the periphery of the blade body (1). Figure 4 shows an enlarged view of a piece of periphery of a blade of the prior art. Upstream of each tooth (2) is a cutout (6) for chip clearance, followed by a ramp (7) terminating at an adjacent tooth (2). Each tooth (2) is fixed, generally by brazing, in a seat provided for this purpose in the cutout (6) for the release of chips. In the prior art, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the geometry of the cutout (6) for the chip clearance is dictated by the circumferential pitch, and thus depends on the number of teeth (2) present on a blade. In the following, and to show the difference in technical approach that results from the invention, an example of a traditional method for calculating the geometry of the blank (6) is given.
    [0011] In this context, the input parameters used are: Z = number of teeth on a blade; D = diameter of the blade; P = circumferential pitch = (t * D) / Z; PA = angular pitch = 360 ° / Z; 15 h = height of the tooth (2); a = angle of attack of the tooth (2). The following parameters are then to be defined in order to obtain the geometry of the blank (6): r = radius of clearance; d = distance between the low point of the seat and the center of the radius of clearance; = angle between the tip of the tooth (2) and the start of the cut (6). From experience, and according to different configurations hypotheses corresponding to predetermined intervals applied to selected input parameters: Si 1: 16 and a> 0 then: r = P / 6 d = r * 0.08 = PA * 0.4 3025126 11 If 1:16 and c) t0 then: r = P / 6 d = 0 = PA * 0.4 5 If P <16 and h <10.5 then: r = P / 6.5 d = 0 = PA * 0.40 10 If P <16 and I-110.5 then: r = P / 6.5 d = 0 = PA * 0.45 From these geometries, in all cases, a surface of relatively large chip clearance and open, and therefore noise source both when the blade turns empty and when the blade cuts. The blade according to the invention, shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, has, at each tooth (2), a cutout (6) of chip clearance whose geometry does not depend on the number of teeth (2) fixed. around the edge of the blade. The design of the cutout (6) takes place around the tooth (2) itself, then the outer contour remaining between two adjacent teeth (2) is filled to get close to the initial profile of the disc. which composes the blade body (1). As described above, the area of the SDGc cutout must not exceed a threshold that depends solely on the diameter and cutting width of the blade, machine parameters, and the expansion coefficient, as determined by the calculations performed. above. The surface of the SDGc cut obtained in fine is much smaller than in the prior art, but still allows the passage of chips and a good operation of the blade.
    [0012] The cutout (6) comprises, as illustrated in FIG. 5: a first portion I corresponding to a straight line; a rounded second portion J corresponding to a portion of a circle of radius r and center 0; A third linear portion K corresponding to the depth of the seat on which the tooth (2) rests; a fourth portion L linear corresponding to the height of the seat, and a straight line parallel to the portion I. Two adjacent cuts (6) are interconnected by a portion 10 M corresponding to a draft ramp. This ramp M defines a draft angle p formed between this ramp M and the circle C described by the teeth of the blade. Taking the tangential T at this circle C at the cutting edge of the tooth (2), the angle formed with the ramp M corresponds to the draft angle p at p + 2 °°.
    [0013] The opening N of the cutout (6) corresponds to the distance between the parts I and L. This opening N varies according to the thickness of the tooth (2). There must always be sufficient space between the part I and the tooth (2) to allow brazing of the tooth (2) on its seat, as well as, optionally, the passage of the grinding wheel of the angle of attack. This space can not be less than 2.0 mm, by the yardstick of the current technical fixing means. It is possible that this space will be further reduced in the years to come with the emergence of new technologies. For example, for a thick tungsten carbide tooth (2), the opening N may vary between 4.5 mm and 8 mm. For a diamond tooth (2), thinner than a carbide tooth (2), the opening N can be as low as 3.5 mm. Once the opening N and the seat depth K are defined, the rounded part J can be drawn. It simply connects Part I to Part K.
    [0014] The center O of the circle of this rounded portion J is on the radius of the disk of the blade passing through the cutting edge of the tooth (2).
    [0015] The teeth (2) can have several lengths, generally between 2.5mm and 15mm. The angle of attack of the tooth (2) can vary from -10 ° to + 30 °. Figure 6 shows a complete blade according to a particular case of the invention. FIG. 7 shows more precisely the technical details which vary with respect to the case presented in FIG. 5. The geometry of the cutout for the chip clearance is identical to that of FIG. 5. Only the part M is different, in that the The draft ramp is replaced by a rounded back (3) concentric with the circle C initially defined by the disk of the blade body (1). A hollow (4) is formed in this back (3), immediately downstream of the tooth (2). The distance P between the rounded back (3) and the circle C is about 0.8mm. There may of course be other configurations, with different cutout geometries for chip clearance than that of FIGS. 5 to 7, provided that the features of the invention are found therein. Figures 8 to 12 show what is called an expandable system, that is to say an assembly of two saw blades adapted to be mounted in a sawing device, to increase the cutting width.
    [0016] Such a saw blade is shown individually in FIG. 8. In addition to all the features presented above, this blade comprises a plurality of notches (5) formed in its periphery so that there is a notch (5). ) between two adjacent teeth (2). This notch (5) is dimensioned to provide an opening Q which is at least equal to the opening N of the blank for chip clearance. Indeed, the objective is to assemble two identical blades, shifting them by an angular step, so that each tooth (2) of a blade is found opposite a notch ( 5) of the other blade, as shown in Figures 10 to 12. The opening Q of the notch (5) must be wide enough to reveal a tooth (2) with its corresponding cut but not too important for do not generate noise.
    [0017] In the example shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the opening of the notch is 5.4 mm, and it is located at a distance S of 9.49 mm from the portion I of the adjacent downstream cut. In FIGS. 10 and 11, the two blades are assembled, and the blade bodies (1a, 1b) are angularly staggered. Thus, in FIG. 12, it can be seen that the tooth (2b) and a small piece of a first blade body (1b) appear through the notch (5a) formed around the periphery of the second blade body ( 1a), the notch (5b) on the periphery of the first blade body (1b) being located in the background of the tooth (2a) attached to the second blade body (1a). The configurations shown in the figures cited are only possible examples, in no way limiting, of the invention which, on the contrary, encompasses variants of shapes and designs within the reach of those skilled in the art. 15
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Apparatus for sawing a material, comprising at least one circular saw blade consisting of: - a blade body (1) in the form of a disc; a plurality of teeth (2) inserted in the periphery of the blade body (1) so as to be distributed around the circumference of the disk, each tooth (2) generating a chip from the machined material; a cutout (6) for chip clearance being provided in the periphery of the blade body (1) at each tooth (2) and incorporating a seat to which the tooth (2) is welded, characterized in that said cutout ( 6) defines a chip clearance volume (VDGc) which is smaller than the apparent volume of the chip (V) generated by a tooth (2).
    [0002]
    2. Device for sawing a material according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the chip clearance volume (VDGc) is equal to: the chip clearance surface (SDGC) delimited by the cutout (6), multiplied by the cutting width (ab) of the blade.
    [0003]
    3. Device for sawing a material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparent volume of the chip (V) is equal to the volume of the chip (Vs) generated by a tooth (2) multiplied by a coefficient of expansion (R) which depends on the machined material.
    [0004]
    4. Device for sawing a material according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said expansion coefficient (R) is between 2 and 4.
    [0005]
    5. Apparatus for sawing a material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutout (6) is delimited on either side by two parallel portions of the straight line (I, L) and 3025126 16 interconnected by a rounded portion (J) and a first linear portion (K) of the seat, one of the right portions (L) constituting a second linear portion of the seat, the two parts (K, L) of the seat being perpendicular to each other. Device for sawing a material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the periphery of the blade between two adjacent cuts (6) consists of a rounded sector (3) concentric with the circle initially defined by the body disk blade (1). Sawing device of a material according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a recess (4) is formed in said rounded back (3) of the blade downstream of each tooth (2) and juxtaposed to the corresponding seat. Device for sawing a material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the periphery of the blade between two adjacent cuts (6) consists of a rectilinear sector. Sawing device for a material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two identical blades positioned side by side along their central axis of rotation, each blade being provided with a plurality of notches (5 ) each made in its periphery between two adjacent cuts (6), said blades being offset by an angular pitch so that each tooth (2) of a blade is found opposite a notch ( 5) from the other blade. 25 5
    [0006]
    6. 10 7 8. 15 9. 30
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    FR3025126B1|2016-11-18|
    JP2016052715A|2016-04-14|
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    PL2990148T3|2020-06-29|
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    EP3305448B1|2016-09-23|2020-11-04|Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation|Hole saw arbor assembly|
    US10730119B2|2017-01-06|2020-08-04|Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation|Hole saw|
    CN106827252A|2017-03-09|2017-06-13|中山市德宝精密工具有限公司|A kind of novel circular saw blade|
    KR102240267B1|2020-04-06|2021-04-16|주식회사 신화기업|Multi-functional cutting circular saw|
    法律状态:
    2015-07-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-03-04| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160304 |
    2016-08-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-08-09| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-08-06| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-08-06| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-07-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-07-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1458132A|FR3025126B1|2014-08-29|2014-08-29|CIRCULAR SAW BLADE|FR1458132A| FR3025126B1|2014-08-29|2014-08-29|CIRCULAR SAW BLADE|
    DK15166741.7T| DK2990148T1|2014-08-29|2015-05-07|MATERIAL FOR SAWING MATERIALS.|
    DE202015009455.4U| DE202015009455U1|2014-08-29|2015-05-07|sawing|
    ES15166741T| ES2771999T3|2014-08-29|2015-05-07|Circular saw blade|
    DE15166741.7T| DE15166741T1|2014-08-29|2015-05-07|circular saw blade|
    EP15166741.7A| EP2990148B1|2014-08-29|2015-05-07|Circular saw blade|
    PT151667417T| PT2990148T|2014-08-29|2015-05-07|Circular saw blade|
    PL15166741T| PL2990148T3|2014-08-29|2015-05-07|Circular saw blade|
    CN201510543934.4A| CN105798387B|2014-08-29|2015-08-28|Saw blade|
    US14/839,804| US20160059329A1|2014-08-29|2015-08-28|Circular saw blade|
    JP2015170858A| JP6243879B2|2014-08-29|2015-08-31|Circular saw blade|
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